
Understanding Ice Fracture Using Digital Image Correlation
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Understanding of the deformation mechanisms of ice is important for design of safer and lighter offshore structures such as wind farms in ice covered sea areas. Some of the methods use to measure ice deformation and crack propagation include strain gauges [1], LVDTs [2,3], acoustic emission [4,5], electrical resistance method (ERM), and very high-speed photography (VHSP) [6-9]. All these methods differ from each other in their ability to provide details of the material deformation. This study presents DIC as a potential measurement technique to study ice behavior under different loading conditions. Moreover, a method of obtaining robust speckle pattern with sharp features is also discussed. Since the technique was successfully demonstrated on floating ice sheets, the work also paves way for using the method in future field experiments. For the field experiments, the speckle pattern can be stamped before the specimen geometry is cut. The high spatial resolution data obtained with DIC can help us better understand the mechanical behavior of ice. Due to large grain size of ice compared to metals, it is possible to conduct full-field studies at the grain level too. For this, the speckle pattern size needs to be adjusted accordingly. Accuracy of the measurement varies with the quality of the speckle pattern.